Signaling or signal transduction refers to different mechanisms of cellular communication that are responsible for suitable adaptations and maintenance of all vital cellular functions. The most modern methods are developed and used to explore the multiple and interrelated molecular processes that occur outside, inside and between cells. The emphasis in this area is on the detailed investigation of fundamental biological processes and their disruptions, which are regarded as an important molecular cause of a variety of human diseases such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, neurodegeneration and cancer. The area of signaling is influenced by the FWF and Med Uni Graz sponsored PhD programs Molecular Medicine and Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease. As part of BioTechMed-Graz, Med Uni Graz is responsible for coordinating the research infrastructures of the three participating universities.